 HTML UL menu like items, HTML UL menu like items |
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| iceman_au |
 Mar 8 2012, 04:32 AM
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#1
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Group: Members Posts: 1 Joined: 8-March 12 Member No.: 16,662  |
In the example files below I am trying to create a menu effect like in file two. But the element seems to get spacing and moves outside of the div element. What is the difference between the too. How do I correct this behaviour?
file 1 ------------------------------- <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <title>Untitled Document</title> <style type="text/css"> .sidebar1 { width: 500px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 15px; } .sidebar1 li a { background-color: #0F6; width: 500px; display: block; } #menu { width: 500px; float: left; background-color: #00C; } #menu .sidebar1 li { border-top-style: dotted; border-top-width: thin; border-top-color: #606; } </style> </head> <body> <div id="menu"> <ul class="sidebar1"> <li><a href="#">ship</a></li> <li><a href="#">ship</a></li> <li><a href="#">ship</a></li> <li><a href="#">ship</a></li> <li><a href="#">ship</a></li> <li><a href="#">ship</a></li> <li><a href="#">ship</a></li> <li><a href="#">ship</a></li> <li><a href="#">ship</a></li> </ul> </div> </body> </html> ------------------------------- file 2 ------------------------------- <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <title>Untitled Document</title> <style type="text/css"> <!-- body { font: 100%/1.4 Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; background: #42413C; margin: 0; padding: 0; color: #000; } /* ~~ Element/tag selectors ~~ */ ul, ol, dl { /* Due to variations between browsers, it's best practices to zero padding and margin on lists. For consistency, you can either specify the amounts you want here, or on the list items (LI, DT, DD) they contain. Remember that what you do here will cascade to the .nav list unless you write a more specific selector. */ padding: 0; margin: 0; } h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p { margin-top: 0; /* removing the top margin gets around an issue where margins can escape from their containing div. The remaining bottom margin will hold it away from any elements that follow. */ padding-right: 15px; padding-left: 15px; /* adding the padding to the sides of the elements within the divs, instead of the divs themselves, gets rid of any box model math. A nested div with side padding can also be used as an alternate method. */ } a img { /* this selector removes the default blue border displayed in some browsers around an image when it is surrounded by a link */ border: none; } /* ~~ Styling for your site's links must remain in this order - including the group of selectors that create the hover effect. ~~ */ a:link { color: #42413C; text-decoration: underline; /* unless you style your links to look extremely unique, it's best to provide underlines for quick visual identification */ } a:visited { color: #6E6C64; text-decoration: underline; } a:hover, a:active, a:focus { /* this group of selectors will give a keyboard navigator the same hover experience as the person using a mouse. */ text-decoration: none; } /* ~~ this fixed width container surrounds all other divs ~~ */ .container { width: 960px; background: #FFF; margin: 0 auto; /* the auto value on the sides, coupled with the width, centers the layout */ overflow: hidden; /* this declaration makes the .container understand where the floated columns within ends and contain them */ } /* ~~ These are the columns for the layout. ~~ 1) Padding is only placed on the top and/or bottom of the divs. The elements within these divs have padding on their sides. This saves you from any "box model math". Keep in mind, if you add any side padding or border to the div itself, it will be added to the width you define to create the *total* width. You may also choose to remove the padding on the element in the div and place a second div within it with no width and the padding necessary for your design. 2) No margin has been given to the columns since they are all floated. If you must add margin, avoid placing it on the side you're floating toward (for example: a right margin on a div set to float right). Many times, padding can be used instead. For divs where this rule must be broken, you should add a "display:inline" declaration to the div's rule to tame a bug where some versions of Internet Explorer double the margin. 3) Since classes can be used multiple times in a document (and an element can also have multiple classes applied), the columns have been assigned class names instead of IDs. For example, two sidebar divs could be stacked if necessary. These can very easily be changed to IDs if that's your preference, as long as you'll only be using them once per document. 4) If you prefer your nav on the right instead of the left, simply float these columns the opposite direction (all right instead of all left) and they'll render in reverse order. There's no need to move the divs around in the HTML source. */ .sidebar1 { float: left; width: 180px; background: #EADCAE; padding-bottom: 10px; } .content { padding: 10px 0; width: 780px; float: left; } /* ~~ This grouped selector gives the lists in the .content area space ~~ */ .content ul, .content ol { padding: 0 15px 15px 40px; /* this padding mirrors the right padding in the headings and paragraph rule above. Padding was placed on the bottom for space between other elements on the lists and on the left to create the indention. These may be adjusted as you wish. */ } /* ~~ The navigation list styles (can be removed if you choose to use a premade flyout menu like Spry) ~~ */ ul.nav { list-style: none; /* this removes the list marker */ border-top: 1px solid #666; /* this creates the top border for the links - all others are placed using a bottom border on the LI */ margin-bottom: 15px; /* this creates the space between the navigation on the content below */ } ul.nav li { border-bottom: 1px solid #666; /* this creates the button separation */ } ul.nav a, ul.nav a:visited { /* grouping these selectors makes sure that your links retain their button look even after being visited */ padding: 5px 5px 5px 15px; display: block; /* this gives the link block properties causing it to fill the whole LI containing it. This causes the entire area to react to a mouse click. */ width: 160px; /*this width makes the entire button clickable for IE6. If you don't need to support IE6, it can be removed. Calculate the proper width by subtracting the padding on this link from the width of your sidebar container. */ text-decoration: none; background: #C6D580; } ul.nav a:hover, ul.nav a:active, ul.nav a:focus { /* this changes the background and text color for both mouse and keyboard navigators */ background: #ADB96E; color: #FFF; } /* ~~ miscellaneous float/clear classes ~~ */ .fltrt { /* this class can be used to float an element right in your page. The floated element must precede the element it should be next to on the page. */ float: right; margin-left: 8px; } .fltlft { /* this class can be used to float an element left in your page. The floated element must precede the element it should be next to on the page. */ float: left; margin-right: 8px; } .clearfloat { /* this class can be placed on a <br /> or empty div as the final element following the last floated div (within the #container) if the overflow:hidden on the .container is removed */ clear:both; height:0; font-size: 1px; line-height: 0px; } --> </style></head> <body> <div class="container"> <div class="sidebar1"> <ul class="nav"> <li><a href="#">Link one</a></li> <li><a href="#">Link two</a></li> <li><a href="#">Link three</a></li> <li><a href="#">Link four</a></li> </ul> <p> The above links demonstrate a basic navigational structure using an unordered list styled with CSS. Use this as a starting point and modify the properties to produce your own unique look. If you require flyout menus, create your own using a Spry menu, a menu widget from Adobe's Exchange or a variety of other javascript or CSS solutions.</p> <p>If you would like the navigation along the top, simply move the ul.nav to the top of the page and recreate the styling.</p> <!-- end .sidebar1 --></div> <div class="content"> <h1>Instructions</h1> <p>Be aware that the CSS for these layouts is heavily commented. If you do most of your work in Design view, have a peek at the code to get tips on working with the CSS for the fixed layouts. You can remove these comments before you launch your site. To learn more about the techniques used in these CSS Layouts, read this article at Adobe's Developer Center - <a href="http://www.adobe.com/go/adc_css_layouts">http://www.adobe.com/go/adc_css_layouts</a>.</p> <h2>Clearing</h2> <p>Because all the columns are floated, this layout uses overflow:hidden on the .container. This clearing technique forces the .container to understand where the columns end in order to show any borders or background colors you place on the .container. If you have a large element that protrudes outside the .container, it will appear to be cut off. You also won't be able to use negative margins or absolute positioning with negative values to pull elements outside the .container or they will also won't display outside the .container.</p> <p>If you need to use these properties, you'll need to use a different clearing method. The most reliable will be to add a <br class="clearfloat" /> or <div class="clearfloat"></div> after your final floated column (but before the .container closes). This will have the same clearing effect.</p> <h3>Footer</h3> <p>Adding a footer following the columns, yet still inside the .container, will cause this overflow:hidden clearing method to fail. You can place a .footer into a second .container outside the first one with no detrimental effects. The simplest choice may be to start with a layout containing headers and footers and remove the header to utilize the clearing methods in that layout type.</p> <h4>Backgrounds</h4> <p>By nature, the background color on any div will only show for the length of the content. This means if you're using a background color or border to create the look of a side column, it won't extend all the way to the footer but will stop when the content ends. If the .content div will always contain more content, you can place a border on the .content div to divide it from the column.</p> <!-- end .content --></div> <!-- end .container --></div> </body> </html> ------------------------------- |
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| pandy |
Mar 8 2012, 06:57 AM
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#2
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🌟Computer says no🌟  Group: WDG Moderators Posts: 20,731 Joined: 9-August 06 Member No.: 6 |
Think about how an ordinary, unstyled list looks. Browsers use margin and/or padding to create the indention. To make it funnier they do it differently. For that reason it's easiest to first remove all margin and padding and then add back what you want, if any.
CODE ul,li { margin: 0; padding: 0 } Note that if you do this with general selectors as in my example all lists will be affected and if you want to use a "normal" list you must style it so there is some space for the bullets to live in or they won't show up. I prefer to do it this way, but if you want you can of course style the menu list specifically instead. |
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